Types of high-level programming languages
High-level programming languages are classified into different types as follows:
Types of high-level programming languages by type of use
High-level programming languages are classified into different types according to their use , as follows:
Algorithmic languages
Algorithmic languages are used to process mathematical calculations and logical operations, and therefore these languages are also concerned with the implementation of algebraic operations , and this type of language is one of the oldest high-level languages, and examples of them are; FORTRAN, ALGOL, LISP, C. .
Business-oriented languages
Business-Oriented Languages provide software solutions in the field of business and commerce, COBOL, which is the most common programming language for business, and began to be used since the fifties of the twentieth century specifically in 1959 AD, and this language is characterized by the ability to accomplish tasks Programming that cannot be accomplished through other scientific programming languages, as it enables the programmer to collect many different types of data; As the name, number, age, and address within one unit, or one record in the language, and other examples of this type of language; SQL language that specializes in programming databases.
Languages for education
Education-Oriented Languages are designed for the purposes of teaching users programming in its simplest form. Examples include: Basic language, which was developed by John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz in the 1960s in a way that is easy to learn even for non- computer science people , and is considered one of the languages that is easy to detect errors in.
Education-oriented languages also include; The Pascal programming language, which was developed in the 1970s; Where it was during the period between the end of the seventies and the beginning of the eighties of the twentieth century one of the most used languages to teach people programming, and it is worth noting that it was also used to issue educational programs.
Document Format Languages
Document Formatting Languages deals with dealing with text, graphics, and documents, for example, the TeX programming language; It is a language that specializes in text formatting by changing the font in which the text appears, in addition to the way tables are laid out, images are inserted , and other types of formatting. Other examples of document formatting languages are PostScript and SGML.
Web and Internet development languages
Considered languages development of web pages ( in English: Internet and Web Page Development Languages) the backbone of the Internet and its beating heart, as it is the evolution of web pages of the content of the Internet , and create different locations, so it is without those languages was not the Internet will arrive in the form in which it is in the current era, Examples of programming languages specialized in developing web pages and the Internet are; JavaScript, Java, PHP, XML, Python, HDML, HTML, and other languages.
Types of high-level programming languages according to programming style
High-level programming languages are classified according to what is known as the Programming Paradigm, which refers to the mechanism by which a particular programming language operates to perform its programming tasks in the best possible manner. The programming pattern determines the nature of the tasks most appropriate for each programming language; Although most modern programming languages are considered general-purpose languages in which almost anything can be programmed, there are certain patterns that suit specific tasks more than others,The following are the types of high-level programming languages depending on their programming patterns that operate have:
procedural languages
Procedural languages are referred to as Imperative Programming Languages, where the commands in the program are executed as a series of procedures, so that each action is entrusted with performing a specific task, and the set of procedures that make up the program are called in During its execution, the programmer can use a set of commands as a procedure, and then use this procedure more than once during the program, and this is done by choosing the name of the procedure that was saved. Examples of this type of language include; FORTRAN programming language, ALGOL language, C language, BASIC language, ADA language. [1]
Functional languages
Functional languages deal with mathematical calculations in programs, such as mathematical functions by following the laws of mathematics . This type of programming language deals with data and functions as fixed and immutable. In functional programming, you must not change the associations or functions. Arithmetic The original state, or type, of data [5] Because this type of language depends on functions and arithmetic functions, these languages do not support some elements; Such as conditional sentences, and repetition sentences, and programs written using this type of programming language are highly efficient.
Object Oriented Languages
Object-Oriented Languages provide their users with pre-prepared models for the objects that the user works on within his program, where program commands are reusable in other programs, and this feature facilitates the programming process for users so that the programmer is Able to prototype objects, modify them, and develop them more easily.
Prototypes are prepared by collecting data types , variables, and functions in the program and placing them within a unified object for further use. Objective languages have the advantage of inheriting functions and data from one object to another in the program; Which reduces redundant programming commands in the program, and examples of this type of language are; C++, C#, Python, Java, and other languages.
Text languages
Scripting languages overlap with both object-oriented and procedural languages, although they are classified as a separate type of high-level language, because it is not a programming language in which large business systems can be developed and supported. To control a specific software application, such as web browser technologies , which are a series of commands written within a file that can be executed without compiling them. Scripting languages are classified into two types:
- Server-side scripting, examples include PHP and Python.
- Client-side scripting, an example is JavaScript.
Logical languages
Logic languages are concerned with solving programming problems by logical deduction. It is used as a general approach to solving any computational problems similar to the logical models that have been built, and this is done by forming a logical relationship that determines the form of overlap between the rules and facts in the program , and the Prolog programming language is one of the best examples of logical programming languages.